Shortness of Breath

Shortness of breath can be frightening, but it can almost always be treated to improve comfort.

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Common Medical causes

  • COPD exacerbation

  • Fluid build up from heart failure

  • Pneumonia/infection

  • Fever

  • Anemia

Other Common Causes

  • Untreated pain

  • Anxiety

  • Emotional/spiritual distress

  • Oxygen unit- not working, tubes kinked

  • Room too hot

  • Overexertion

What You Can Do

Make sure oxygen is connected and flowing

  • A small handheld fan blowing gently across the face can significantly reduce the sensation of breathlessness.

Try pursed lip breathing

Elevate the head of the bed. This can be especially useful for those with heart issues

Encourage rest and limit activity that increases breathlessness.

Relaxation techniques - music, quiet place, meditation

Talk with loved one, spiritual counselor, friend about how you are feeling

Medical Treatments

  • Opioids are very effective at relieving shortness of breath and should be used as prescribed by your hospice team.

    Relief often occurs within minutes when using liquid opioids (morphine)

  • Opioids reduce the feeling of “air hunger.”
    They are safe when used as directed by the Hospice Team

  • If feeling anxious, use the prescribed anxiety medication - Lorazepam

  • Inhaler medications can be used if wheezing is present or if they have been used before for breathing problems

When to Call the Hospice

  • Breathing remains labored despite medications

  • Equipment is malfunctioning

  • You are running low on medications, or are unsure to give another dose

  • Uncontrolled coughing

  • New chest pain develops

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